Belgium
Climate Characteristics of Belgium
Belgium features a temperate maritime climate largely influenced by its proximity to the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. This influence results in moderate temperatures, significant humidity, and frequent, year-round precipitation.
General Climate Characteristics
Moderate Temperatures: Extreme heat and intense cold are rare.
Annual Mean: The annual mean temperature is approximately 10°C (50°F).
High Precipitation: Known as the "Kingdom of Rains," Belgium receives between 750 and 1,000 mm annually.
Rainy Days: Rain is evenly distributed across all 12 months, with an average of about 200 rainy days per year.
Variable Weather: The rapid alternation of different air masses often leads to unpredictable weather changes within a single day.
Regional Variations
While Belgium is small, its topography creates distinct climatic differences between regions:
Coastal Region (Flanders): Enjoys a milder climate with the lowest temperature extremes and the least amount of annual rainfall.
Central Region (Brussels): Experiences slightly warmer summers and colder winters than the coast.
Highlands (Ardennes): Located in the southeast, this region has a more continental character.
Coldest Area: The Ardennes is the coldest and wettest part of the country, with significantly more frost and snow days.
Seasonal Breakdown
Spring (Mar–May): Unreliable and often rainy in early spring, turning mild and sunny by May. Temperatures range from 5°C to 18°C.
Summer (Jun–Aug): Generally mild and pleasant; heatwaves are becoming more frequent due to climate change. Temperatures range from 13°C to 23°C.
Autumn (Sep–Nov): September is often sunny, but October and November become grey, windy, and wet. Temperatures range from 5°C to 20°C.
Winter (Dec–Feb): Chilly and damp with frequent fog and occasional light snow. Temperatures range from 1°C to 7°C.